Italo-Western is, in some classifications of the Romance languages extinct: Anatolian · Paleo-Balkans (Dacian, , the largest sub-group of these. It comprises 2 subsets: Italo-Dalmatian, and Western.
- Italo-Dalmatian includes Italian Italian ( italiano , or lingua italiana) is a Romance language spoken by about 60 million people in Italy, and by a total of around 70 million in the world. In Switzerland, Italian is one of four official languages. It is also the official language of San Marino, as well as the primary language of Vatican City. Standard Italian, adopted by the, central Italian languages, southern Italian languages, e.g., Neapolitan Neapolitan is the language of the city and region of Naples, Campania (Neapolitan: Nàpule; Italian: Napoli). On October 14, 2008 a law by the Region of Campania stated that the Neapolitan language had to be protected and Sicilian Sicilian is a Romance language. Its dialects make up the Italiano Meridionale-estremo language group, which are spoken on the island of Sicily and its satellite islands; in southern and central Calabria (where it is called Southern Calabro); in the southern parts of Apulia, the Salento (where it is known as Salentino); and Campania, on the Italian, as well as Istriot Istriot is a Romance language spoken in the Western Region on the coast of the Istrian Peninsula, especially in the towns of Rovinj and Vodnjan (Italian: Dignano), on the upper northern part of the Adriatic Sea, in Croatia, Judeo-Italian, and the extinct Dalmatian Dalmatian is an extinct Romance language formerly spoken in the Dalmatia region of Croatia, and as far south as Kotor in Montenegro.
- The Western branch includes 32 languages in further subsets:
- The Pyrenean-Mozarabic group consists of two languages in two separate branches: Aragonese Aragonese , is a Romance language now spoken in a number of local varieties by between 10,000 and 30,000 people over the valleys of the Aragón River, Sobrarbe and Ribagorza in Aragon. It is also colloquially known as fabla (literally, "speech") and is the only remaining speech form derived from medieval Navarro-Aragonese dialects and Mozarabic Mozarabic was a continuum of closely related Romance dialects spoken in Muslim dominated areas of the Iberian Peninsula during the early stages of the Romance languages' development in Iberia. Mozarabic descends from Late Latin and early Romance dialects spoken in the Iberian Peninsula from 5th to 8th centuries (Hispania was the name of a group of
- The Gallo-Iberian group includes:
- The Gallo-Romance languages The Gallo-Romance branch of Romance languages includes French, Occitan, Franco-Provençal, and several other languages spoken in modern France and Northern Italy. The Gallo-Romance languages, along with the Ibero-Romance and Rhaeto-Romance groups, form Western Romance. Like all Romance languages, the Gallo-romance languages are derived from Latin group includes:
- The Occitano-Romance languages The Occitano-Romance branch of Romance languages encompasses the dialects pertaining to the Occitan and the Catalan languages situated in France , Spain (Catalonia, Valencian Community, Balearic Islands, La Franja, Carche), Andorra, Monaco, parts of Italy (Occitan Valleys, Alghero, Guardia Piemontese), and historically in the County of Tripoli and of Southern France and neighbouring areas include Occitan Occitan , known also as Lenga d'òc in Occitan or Langue d'oc in French (native name: occitan [utsiˈta], lenga d'òc [ˈleŋɡɔˈðɔ(k)]; native nickname: la lenga nòstra i.e. "our [own] language") is a Romance language spoken in Occitania, that is, Southern France, the Occitan Valleys of Italy, Monaco and in the Aran Valley of Spain and Catalan Catalan is a Romance language, the national and official language of Andorra, and a co-official language in the Spanish autonomous communities of the Balearic Islands, Catalonia and Valencian Community, where it is known as Valencià (Valencian), as well as in the city of Alghero on the Italian island of Sardinia. It is also spoken, although with
- The Gallo-Italian Northern Italian , Padanian (recent name) or Cisalpine (rare name) is a linguistic set with different definitions. Gallo-Italian is the name used by Ethnologue. It can be viewed: languages include Piedmontese Piedmontese , (in Piedmontese: Piemontèis) is a Romance language spoken by over 2 million people in Piedmont, northwest Italy. It is geographically and linguistically included in the Northern Italian group (with Lombard, Emiliano-Romagnolo, Ligurian, and Venetian). It is part of the wider western group of Romance languages, including French,, Ligurian Ligurian is a Gallo-Romance language, currently spoken in Liguria, northern Italy, and parts of the Mediterranean coastal zone of France, and Monaco. Genoese is one of the most well-known dialects, spoken in Genoa, the capital of Liguria, Insubric or Western Lombard Western Lombard is a Romance language spoken in Italy, in the Lombard provinces of Milan, Monza, Varese, Como, Lecco, Sondrio, a little part of Cremona , Lodi and Pavia, and the Piedmont provinces of Novara, Verbano-Cusio-Ossola and a small part of Vercelli (Valsesia), and Switzerland (Canton Ticino and part of Grischun). After the name of the, Eastern Lombard Eastern Lombard is a group of related dialects, spoken in the eastern side of Lombardy, mainly in the provinces of Bergamo, Brescia and Mantua, in the area around Crema and in a part of Trentino. Its main variants are Bergamasque and Brescian, Emiliano-Romagnolo Emiliano-Romagnolo is a Romance language mostly spoken in Emilia-Romagna, Italy. It belongs to the Northern Italian group within Romance languages (like Piedmontese, Lombard, Ligurian and Venetian), which is included in the wider group of western Romance languages (like French, Occitan and Catalan). It is considered as a minority language,, and Venetian Venetian or Venetan is a Romance language spoken by over two million people, mostly in the Veneto region of Italy. The language is called vèneto or vènet in Venetian, veneto in Italian; the variant spoken in Venice is called venexiàn/venesiàn or veneziano, respectively. Although wrongly referred to as an Italian dialect , even by its speakers,
- The Rhaeto-Romance languages Rhaeto-Romance languages are a Romance language sub-family which includes multiple languages spoken in North and North-Eastern Italy, and Switzerland. The name "Rhaeto-Romance" refers to the province of Rhaetia once in the Roman Empire include Romansh Romansh (also spelled Romansch, Rumantsh, or Romanche; Romansh: rumantsch/rumauntsch/romontsch; German: Rätoromanisch) is one of the four national languages of Switzerland, along with German, Italian and French. It is one of the Rhaeto-Romance languages, believed to have descended from the Vulgar Latin variety spoken by Roman era occupiers of the of southern Switzerland, Ladin Ladin is a Rhaeto-Romance language spoken in the Dolomite mountains in northern Italy in the border regions of the provinces Trentino-Alto Adige/Südtirol and Veneto. It is closely related to the Swiss Romansh, Surselvan, and Friulian of the Dolomites mountains, Friulian Friulian ( furlan or affectionately marilenghe in Friulian, friulano in Italian) (also Eastern Ladin), more properly Friulan in English, is a Romance language belonging to the Rhaetian family, spoken in the Friuli region of northeastern Italy. Friulian has around 800,000 speakers, the vast majority of whom also speak Italian. It is sometimes of Friuli
- The Langues d'oïl Langues d'oïl is the linguistic and historical designation of the Gallo-Romance languages originating from the northern territories of Roman Gaul, which today make up northern France, part of Belgium, and the Channel Islands. These languages have all been replaced by Standard French as the official and predominant language in their territories, (including French French is a Romance language globally spoken by about 110 million people as a first language (mother tongue), by 190 million as a second language, and by about another 200 million people as an acquired foreign language, with significant numbers of speakers in 57 countries. Most native speakers of the language live in France, where the language) and several other languages of France There are a number of languages of France. The French language is by far the most widely spoken and the only official language of France, but several regional languages are also spoken to varying degrees. Other languages are spoken by a substantial percentage of the population due to immigration. The map to the right includes the French-speaking including Franco-Provençal Franco-Provençal or Arpitan or Romand (in Switzerland) (Vernacular: francoprovençâl, arpitan, patouès; Italian: francoprovenzale, arpitano, dialetto, patoà; French: francoprovençal, arpitan, patois) is a Romance language with several distinct dialects that form a linguistic sub-group separate from Langue d'Oïl and Langue d'Oc. The name
- The Ibero-Romance languages This article is about a subdivision of the Romance language family. For the broader group of languages spoken in the Iberian Peninsula, see Iberian languages group includes:
- The West Iberian languages West Iberian is a branch of the Romance languages which includes Spanish, Ladino, the Astur-Leonese group (Bable or Asturian, Leonese language, and Mirandese language, , and the modern descendants of Galician-Portuguese (Galician, Portuguese, and the Fala language). According to historical linguistic analysis, these languages are significantly: Spanish Countries where Spanish has official status. States of the U.S. where Spanish has no official status but is spoken by 25% or more of the population. States of the U.S. where Spanish has no official status but is spoken by 10-20% of the population. States of the U.S. where Spanish has no official status but is spoken by 5-9.9% of the population, Portuguese Portuguese ( português or língua portuguesa) is a Romance language that originated in what is now Galicia and northern Portugal. It is derived from the Latin spoken by the romanized pre-Roman peoples of the Iberian Peninsula (namely the Gallaeci, the Lusitanians, the Celtici and the Conii) around 2000 years ago. It spread worldwide in the 15th, Galician Galician is a language of the Western Ibero-Romance branch, spoken in Galicia, an autonomous community located in northwestern Spain, as well as in small bordering zones in the neighbouring autonomous communities of Asturias and Castile and León and in Northern Portugal, Ladino Judaeo-Spanish , commonly known as Ladino, is a Romance language derived from Old Spanish. As a Jewish language, it is influenced heavily by Hebrew and Aramaic, but also Arabic, Turkish and to a lesser extent Greek and other languages where Sephardic expellees settled around the world, primarily throughout the Ottoman Empire, Leonese The Leonese language developed from Vulgar Latin with contributions from the pre-Roman languages which were spoken in the territory of the Spanish provinces of León, Zamora, and Salamanca and in some villages in the District of Bragança, Portugal. Close to Mirandese and Asturian, it belongs to Astur-Leonese subgroup of Iberian languages. Most, etc.
- The East Iberian languages : Catalan Catalan is a Romance language, the national and official language of Andorra, and a co-official language in the Spanish autonomous communities of the Balearic Islands, Catalonia and Valencian Community, where it is known as Valencià (Valencian), as well as in the city of Alghero on the Italian island of Sardinia. It is also spoken, although with
- The Gallo-Romance languages The Gallo-Romance branch of Romance languages includes French, Occitan, Franco-Provençal, and several other languages spoken in modern France and Northern Italy. The Gallo-Romance languages, along with the Ibero-Romance and Rhaeto-Romance groups, form Western Romance. Like all Romance languages, the Gallo-romance languages are derived from Latin group includes:
See also
- Romance languages extinct: Anatolian · Paleo-Balkans (Dacian,
- List of Romance languages According to the Summer Institute for Linguistics's guide to world languages, the Ethnologue, the Romance languages include 47 languages and dialects spoken in Europe. This language group is a part of the Italic languages family, with Latin being the only extant Italic non-Romanic language
External links
- Italo-Western at Ethnologue Ethnologue: Languages of the World is a web and print publication of SIL International , a Christian linguistic service organization, which studies lesser-known languages, primarily to provide the speakers with Bibles in their native language
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ZIPPO - The Road To Knowledge. Die Italiener verstehen sich hervorragend auf die Herstellung von Speiseeis, Pasta und Pizza, wenn es jedoch um Rockmusik geht, tue ich mich mit unseren suedeuropaeischen EU-Mitbuergern hier und da doch . ...
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